So this is something new I have never heard about but have seen a lot of hype on the net about it.
Currently researching it at the moment so I can get the medical facts but their claim is bold hence "the new creatine"... Citrulline Malate???
Will post links as I go in deeper, if you know something about this stuff please chip in....
WHAT DOES CITRULLINE MALATE DO?Citrulline, although a non-essential amino acid, is not widely abundant in our daily diet. However, it plays a vital role in many important biological processes.
1 Increased NO ProductionOf specific interest to all of us athletes in the trenches is it's role of regulating Nitric Oxide (NO). I mention this first only because the sport nutrition industry has been recently flooded with NO potentiating products comprised of L-Arginine and / or other Arginine salts, which until this day have been the most cost effective manner in improving NO function. It is well known in the scientific community that L-Arginine is a substrate for production of Nitric Oxide2, as well as catalyst for other metabolic reactions including its effects on insulin, various hormones and creatine synthesis.3
So what is NO and what can it do for you? Nitric oxide is the cell-signaling molecule that has a part in regulating blood flow, oxygen delivery, glucose uptake, muscle firepower, and muscle growth. Obviously the ability to control these physiological effects can be of tremendous value to athletes.
Unfortunately I think many of the companies currently marketing NO products are missing the boat by not including Citrulline Malate in the current crop of NO supplements. You see, many of Citrulline's functions stem primarily from its ability to increase plasma levels of Arginine endogenously (in the human body).4 And what is really so exciting about Citrulline is that it seems to increase plasma Arginine levels better than taking the amino acid Arginine itself.5 You read correctly!
Research has shown that supplementation of Citrulline raises Arginine levels more effectively than taking the same dose of straight Arginine. Keep in mind that Citrulline Malate's NO enhancing properties are just one of the unique benefits this nutrient offers to athletes. And if the enhanced pumps and improved nutrient delivery properties are the reason you are using Arginine based NO products, you need to pay attention to Citrulline Malate.
2 Reduces Lactic Acid and AmmoniaHere is something else you need to know about Citrulline... it is an intermediate in the Urea Cycle. The Urea Cycle is a system in the liver of carrier molecules and enzymes that convert nitrogenous wastes into urea and eliminates them from the body. The production and removal of urea is essential for the elimination of ammonia and toxic nitrogen metabolites. Ammonia is extremely toxic to all cells and excessive levels may even be fatal. Even in healthy athletes, the build up of ammonia can lead to extreme fatigue and dementia.6 It also reduces glycogen formation, and inhibits the energy cycle. Obviously this is what every athlete wants to avoid!
Unfortunately all exercise, anaerobic and aerobic exercise produces tons of this stuff.7 Ammonia also forms when bacteria in the intestinal tract breaks down protein. The point is that the more ammonia in your blood, the poorer your athletic performance.8 Citrulline Malate comes to the rescue once again by aiding in the elimination of amino acid byproducts of protein metabolism. Researchers also purpose that Citrulline Malate may help to eliminate the burn associated with lactic acid build up as well as reduce the negative effects of ammonia and bacterial endo toxins on performance. Demonstrations also show Citrulline Malate as having a protective effect against acidosis and ammonnia poisoning.12 The metabolic actions of Citrulline Malate clearly explain the anti-fatigue properties in man and shows great promise to its uses as a performance enhancer for athletes.
3 Increases ATP and Phosphocreatine RecoveryNo doubt there is a lot to get excited about when it comes to the performance enhancing potential of Citrulline Malate and how it works. Another study showed yet another way Citrulline Malate can benefit athletes - by increasing aerobic energy production.9 Studies show subjects using Citrulline Malate have an increase in the rate of muscle ATP (Andenosine Triphosphate, the major energy source within the cell) production during exercise and greater phosphocreatine recovery after exercise. So taking Citrulline Malate may result in muscles that can keep on going and going... completely smashing the aerobic threshold! These effects are more than likely mediated by the malate portion of the Citrulline Malate compound, which is a Krebs Cycle intermediate.
The Krebs Cycle refers to a portion of the metabolic pathway of amino acids in the conversion of sugars and fats into ATP, and the role of friendly bacteria (mitochondria) in our cells. The Krebs Cycle happens in the mitochondria, where sugar and fat pour in and are burned much like in a blast furnace, with a number of weak amino acids acting as a conveyor belt. Impaired ability to make ATP results in premature fatigue and "hitting the wall", unable to continue intense exercise.
Getting back to malate, it appears that it is synergistic when bonded to citrulline and this peptide may work better than supplementation of citrulline alone.10 While citrulline acts to increase NO and reduce performance inhibiting metabolic toxins, malate conditions the recycling of lactate and pyruvate, and takes part in the kreb cycle supplying instant and sustained energy.
www.bodybuilding.com/fun/jrod3.htm
www.bodybuilding.com/fun/citrulline-mala...fatigue-fighter.html
examine.com/supplements/citrulline/
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